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The first government committee on tourism in India.

A separate department of touristy beneath the govt. was 1st created on one March 1958, that was anesthetize the extent of Ministry of Transport and Communications.

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER: कॉम्प्युटरच्या/संगणकाच्या पिढ्या

 पहिली पिढी (१९४६-१९५९) : कॉम्प्युटरच्या पहिल्या पिढीमध्ये व्हॅक्यूम ट्यूब्स वापरल्या गेला

.या संगणकाचा वेग अतिशमंद होता व आकार खूप मोठा होता . 
प्रचंड मोठे संगणक जे मोठ्या प्रमाणात हिट म्हणजेच उष्णता तयार करत होते, त्यामुळे मिळणाऱ्या उत्तरांची विशासहर्ता कमी होती व खूप खर्चिक होते. या काळात याची स्मरणशक्ती जास्तीत जास्त १५ हजार जागेएवढीच होती. पहिल्या पिढीत वापरला गेलेला संगणक म्हणजे एनिअॅक (ENIAC) होय.

First Generation (1946-1959): The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes. Huge computers that were generating a lot of hits, i.e. heat, were less reliable and very expensive. During this period, its maximum memory was only 15,000 seats. The first generation computer was ENIAC.

दुसरी पिढी (१९५९-१९६५) :

यामध्ये व्हॅक्यूम ट्यूब्स एवजी ट्रांन्झिस्टर वापरले गेले. हा ट्रांन्झिस्टर सिलिकॉन पासून बनवलेला असायचा. ज्यामुळे त्याचा आकार थोडा लहान झाला. ट्रांन्झिस्टरमुळे विजेचा वापर कमी झाला, पण उष्णता व खर्च मोठ्या प्रमाणातच होता. याची स्मरणशक्ती जवळजवळ ६४ हजार जागाएवढी वाढली. दुसऱ्या पिढीत वापरले गेलेले संगणक म्हणजे ICT 1301 आणि IBM 1401

Second generation (1959-1965): It used transistors instead of vacuum tubes. This transistor used to be made of silicon. Which made it a little smaller in size. The transistor reduced power consumption, but the heat and cost were high. Its memory grew to about 64,000 seats. The second-generation computers used were ICT 1301 and IBM 1401

तिसरी पिढी (१९३५-१९७०): यात ट्रांन्झिस्टर एवजी त्यांना जोडलेले घटक एकत्र करून बसविलेला चिप्स वापरण्यात आल्या. या चिप्सना इंटीग्रेटेड सर्किटस असे म्हणतात. ज्यामुळे आकार व खर्च कमी झाला. याची स्मरणशक्ती जवळजवळ ३२ हजार ते ४ दसलक्ष जागाएवढी वाढली. यात वापरले गेलेले संगणक म्हणजे ICT 1900 Series, System 4, IBM 360

Third Generation (1935-1970): Instead of transistors, chips were used to assemble the components connected to them. These chips are called integrated circuits. Which reduced the size and cost. Its memory grew to about 32,000 to 4 million places. The computers used in this are ICT 1900 Series, System 4, IBM 360

चौथी पिढी १९७०-१९८०):

संगणकाची चौथी पिढी म्हणजेच आताची पिढी होय. व्हेरी लार्ज स्केल इंटिग्रेशन सर्किटस वापरले गेले. याची स्मरण शक्ति ५.१५ दसलक्ष ते ३२ दसलक्ष जागा एवढी मोठी आहे. आपण वापरतो ते डेस्कटॉप कॉम्प्युटर्स यामुळेच शक्य झाले आहेत.

Fourth Generation 1970-1980): The fourth generation of computers is the present generation. Very-large-scale integration circuits were used. Its memory is as large as 5.15 million to 32 million space. This is what makes the desktop computers we use possible.

पाचवी पिढी:

यामध्ये आपल्याला विचार करणाऱ्या कॉम्प्युटरची निर्मिती करावयाची आहे. ज्याचे काम अद्याप सुरू आहे.

Fifth-generation: In this, we want to build a thinking computer. Whose work is still in progress.......

 

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